Mosquitoes in WNC can infect community

Mosquitoes are one of the most common pests in Western North Carolina, but they bring a greater risk than itchy bites.

WCU environmental health professor and public health biologist Bryan Byrd has a passion for insects, particularly mosquitoes.   Though he has also worked with tics and mites, Byrd specializes in mosquito-borne diseases such as La Crosse encephalitis.

La Crosse virus is transmitted through certain kinds of non-native invasive mosquitoes, according to environmental health professor Brian Byrd.  The first is Aedes albopictus, or the Asian tiger mosquito.  The second is Aedes japonicus, also known as the Asian rock pool mosquito.  Both are believed to have been brought to the United States through South Eastern Asian tiger trades.

A. albopictus is commonly found around houses and is aggressive.

“Those are the ones that’ll chase you down the hall,” said Byrd.

Though La Crosse virus can be deadly, Byrd says it’s still relatively uncommon with only 20 cases a year recognized.  There have only been two deaths related to La Crosse virus in the past four years.  Children under 15 years old are at the greatest risk for contracting the disease.

According to the CDC, many people do not have apparent symptoms.  A recent article in Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases mentions that employees in the Great Smoky Mountains tested positive for La Crosse virus without actually symptoms.

The CDC lists symptoms as being:

  • Fever
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Fatigue
  • Lethargy

Severe symptoms, mainly found in those below 15 years of age, include:

  • Seizures
  • Severe neuroinvasive disease
  • Neurologic sequelae, including recurrent seizures, parial paralysis and cognitive and/or neurobehavior abnormalities

Besides infecting citizens, the non-native invasive mosquitoes have been causing problems in other areas.  A. japonicus has been pushing out native mosquito Aedes atropalpus, which was commonly found in rock ponds.  A. atropalpus did not require blood to lay her eggs, whereas A. japonicus does.  This means that not only are the rock pools being replaced by a mosquito that needs to feed before laying eggs, but the mosquito that needs blood carries diseases that can be transmitted to humans.

The mosquitoes are most commonly found in Haywood, Jackson and Swain counties, though Buncombe County has seen an increase in the species.

The new Health and Human Sciences building houses an insectary and labs were environmental health students have the opportunity to work with these non-native invasive mosquitoes.  Students are able to identify, dissect and even work on polymerase chain reactions that look at the DNA of mosquitoes.  With the help of the community and parks and recreation management, Western Carolina University students are able to gain valuable information about the non-native invasive mosquitoes of Western North Carolina.

Shockley dissecting the ovarian sack of a female mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
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Shockley dissecting the ovarian sack of a female mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
The ovarian sack of a female mosquito undergoing testing. Photo by April Alexander.
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The ovarian sack of a female mosquito undergoing testing. Photo by April Alexander.
Shockley pinning a mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
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Shockley pinning a mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
A pinned mosquito under the microscope. Photo by April Alexander.
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A pinned mosquito under the microscope. Photo by April Alexander.
A pinned mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
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A pinned mosquito. Photo by April Alexander.
A pinned mosquito under the microscope. Photo by April Alexander.
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A pinned mosquito under the microscope. Photo by April Alexander.
A small fly found in search of a mosquito in a tray of soil. Photo by April Alexander.
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A small fly found in search of a mosquito in a tray of soil. Photo by April Alexander.
Student Leland Shockley dissecting a mosquito under a microscope. Photo by April Alexander.
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Student Leland Shockley dissecting a mosquito under a microscope. Photo by April Alexander.

Bellow is a video of a student working with the mosquito larvae to determine what species they are.

Video and production by April Alexander

Students get involved with national forest revisions

Students in the America's Wilderness Ethics and Aesthetics class wait on the van to arrive.  Photo by Brandy Carl
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Students in the America's Wilderness Ethics and Aesthetics class wait on the van to arrive. Photo by Brandy Carl
The public had the chance to view poster boards outlining various issues within the forests as well as general information.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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The public had the chance to view poster boards outlining various issues within the forests as well as general information. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Rangers gave presentations during the meeting.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Rangers gave presentations during the meeting. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Rangers were also available to answer questions.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Rangers were also available to answer questions. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Clay Hudson took notes during ranger presentations.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Clay Hudson took notes during ranger presentations. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Students were able to interact with forest rangers.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Students were able to interact with forest rangers. Photo by Brandy Carl.
The public met with rangers to give their input on changes needed.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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The public met with rangers to give their input on changes needed. Photo by Brandy Carl.
The audience had the chance to meet with other members and discuss their ideas.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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The audience had the chance to meet with other members and discuss their ideas. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Participants wrote notes explaining how the national forests benefit both indviduals and Western North Carolina.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Participants wrote notes explaining how the national forests benefit both indviduals and Western North Carolina. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Students broke off into groups to discuss what they learned.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Students broke off into groups to discuss what they learned. Photo by Brandy Carl.
Henderson, who led the class, examined the post boards and spoke with other community members.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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Henderson, who led the class, examined the post boards and spoke with other community members. Photo by Brandy Carl.
After the meeting adjourned, students helped with the clean up process.  Photo by Brandy Carl.
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After the meeting adjourned, students helped with the clean up process. Photo by Brandy Carl.

Students in David Henderson’s America’s Wilderness Ethics and Aesthetics class had the chance to experience a real world problem-solution environment.

Ten students from Henderson’s class piled into two vans and traveled to Brevard for the Pisgah Ranger District meeting.  The meeting takes place in a series of Nantahala-Pisgah National Forest meetings set to revise the current management plan.

“I’m interested in the outdoors and just though it would be interesting seeing how everything is managed and taken care of,” said student Clay Hudson.

“In the class we talk a lot about how different values get expressed in land use and how decisions get made for preserving and protecting this or using that and debates between them, so I thought it would make it real, make it live for them to see the decisions being made,” said Henderson.

Those who attended had the chance to leave input for the assessment phase of the revision and have their voices heard.

“I thought it would be interesting.  I figured it would be nice to know what’s going on and see if I could help,” said student and Brevard native Emily Williams.

According to Henderson, he received positive feedback and high levels of engagement from the students.

Public meetings to discuss future of Nantahala-Pisgah National Forests

Community members post their input for assessment. Photo by Brandy Carl.

Almost 170 community members attended the March 18 meeting at the Transylvania County Public Library to discuss the Nantahala-Pisgah National Forests Land Management Plan revisions.  The meeting is the next-to-last in a series of six taking place in each of the Nantahala-Pisgah Ranger Districts.  Each meeting is open to the public and goes from 6 p.m. to 9 p.m.

Rangers had participants write notes on two pieces of paper and attach them to a board.  The first piece outlined how community members benefit from the national forests and was placed under the “Me” section.  The second paper, posted on the “WNC” side of the board, included how members thought the forests benefit all of Western North Carolina.

From there, rangers will take the input and create an assessment report.  The report will also contain an assessment of the current state of the forests.

The assessments will be used in the first phase of the plan revision.  The revision process will contain three phases: The first and current phase is a collection and assessment of public opinion and information.  A report of the assessments will be available by the end of September.  The second phase will involve identifying the changes that will need to take place.  The final phase will result in a developed plan, focusing on the changes that will be implemented.   The entire process is set to be completed in 2015.

The current plan was set in place in 1987.  The last revision was completed in 1994.

Members from the community had the chance to voice in front of an audience and to the park rangers their concerns about the state of the forests.

“I feel like everyone’s trying to encroach on our hunting,” one man said.

“I do think there’s a place in our forest for everything. . .We just have to come together,” said another.

Toward the end of the meeting, participants were free to browse poster boards outlining issues within the park.  Boards ranged from discussing vegetation management to subsurface mineral ownership.

Community members strongly voiced their opinions and were active in discussing the fate of their homelands.

“Thank you.  Thank you for asking us,” said community member David Duggins.

Residents of Jackson County weigh in on gun ownership

John Prentice, owner of Tucks Guns and Ammo. Photo by Heather Mason

Jackson County, North Carolina is a sportsman’s paradise. In an area where hunting is a favorite pastime and having collections of guns and ammunition is as American as apple pie and baseball. It is no surprise that the debate on gun control is a hot topic among residents in this area. So what do the residents of Jackson County really think about the recent changes to legislation regarding guns and assault weapons?

“I have done three months of business in three days,” said John Prentice, owner of Tucks Guns and Ammo, located on Main Street in Sylva.  “A lot of people that use to feel safe in this town and country say that they don’t anymore. The government can’t protec

t them anymore so they are taking matters in their own hands.”

It is the “taking matters in their own hands” that frightens many people that feel guns are not the answer. As the demographics of this small mountain community continue to change from predominately conservative to a more liberal population, guns are still an important part of the economic backbone of Jackson County. But what about assault rifles and high capacity magazines that are in question? Are these really necessary for a sportsman or for a home owner wanting to protect themselves?

When Prentice was asked about why people feel that they need an assault rifle as opposed to a handgun or a shotgun, he said that people buy them for sport. “They are fun to shoot,” he went on to say. “When comparing other guns to assault rifles, it would be like comparing a big-wheel to a racing motorcycle.”

When someone in Jackson County wants to purchase a handgun they must go to the Sherriff’s Department and maintain a pistol purchase permit or concealed carry permit. To obtain this permit, there is an extensive background check, including a mental health evaluation and a class. This same process is not used for an assault weapon. It still requires an extensive background check, but no class is required and the same database is not used for both permits.

“I agree with President Obama 110 percent when it comes to background checks. The laws need to be stiffer. If someone wants an assault rifle, they should have to go through the same check as a person buying a pistol would have to go through,” Prentice said.

A sample of guns for sale at Tucks Guns and Ammo. Photo By Heather Mason

Prentice stated also that he reserves the right to refuse sale of firearms if he chooses. Background checks are an important tool but Prentice can tell a lot about a person from interaction with them. If he feels that the person seems unsteady or something doesn’t seem right, he will not sell them a gun.

 “I have had people approved for a concealed carry permit and denied for an assault weapon permit,” Prentice said. “How do I sell them one gun, knowing that for whatever reason, they were denied another? This process should be the same for both types of guns.”

Lori Bubb, an internal doctor of medicine in Jackson County and the mother of two daughters, aged 4 and 1, has strong opinions on guns. “I believe in the second Amendment, but when the founding fathers wrote that amendment, the guns were not what we have today,” said Bubb.  “There is no reason for a citizen to have an assault weapon.”

Everyone seemed to have the same feeling about guns in schools.  “No guns in schools, for kids, teachers, principals, no one,” said AJ Best, a parent of three boys in Cullowhee. “Why put guns closer into kid’s hands by putting them in schools.”

Sherry Maney, a teacher at Fairview Elementary and a mother of two high school aged boys seemed to have strong feelings about the subject.

“As far as gun control, no law about gun control is going to stop criminals from getting a weapon. They will find a way. I think it is a good idea for people to be trained on how to safely use a gun. Both of my boys have attended hunter safety classes. I feel that this is important for their safety and the safety of others,” Maney said.

Prentice argues that teachers should be allowed to carry guns but only if they go through an extensive six-week law enforcement training class, the same that would be requiered for police officers. Teachers should be trained to handle emegency situations if they are going to be armed.

Prentice has also noticed a trend in the customers buying guns.

“Older people are buying guns for the first time,” Prentice said. “People are afraid that their rights will be taken from them.” One customer Prentice recently sold a gun too was a 70 year old man who had never owned a gun before.  This older man has taken a defensive pistol class and an in-home defense class. He has purchased an assault rifle. When Prentice asked why, he stated, “I feel like it will protect me.”

Prentice takes his business very serious. He knows that he provides a service to the people of Sylva but he also knows that it is a heavy burden to bear if he puts guns in the wrong hands. Prentice is passionate about guns and safety and works hand in hand with law enforcement to make sure that guns stay out of the hands of unqualified people.

It is still uncertain where the current administration in Washington will go with this very hot debate, but for now, the people of this country are split. The residents of Jackson County are a fair representation of that split. Many believe that our rights should not be tampered with and others feel like this country needs a change and isn’t that what President Obama promised; change?

Check out where North Carolina stands on gun violence prevention on the Brady Campaign state guns scorecard.
Also check the NRA summary of North Carolina gun laws.

Wrestling with faith

Billy Ketchersid. Photo by Randy Conn.

Billy Ketchersid almost lost his livelihood, his family, and his life to alcohol and drugs. He was on the fast track to a dead end lifestyle until his faith in God, combined with his love of professional wrestling, saved his life.

William Wayne Ketchersid, 40, abused drugs from the age of 12 to the age of 24. “I never did needles,” he said, “but if you could drink it, snort it, pop it, I was using it.”

Ketchersid was always an avid fan of professional wrestling. He was two years old when he attended his first live event and immediately became attached. “It was Andre the Giant versus six other guys,” Ketchersid said. “After seeing that, I fell in love.”

When Ketchersid turned 20, he decided to try out for World Championship Wrestling’s Power Plant Initiative, a training facility in Atlanta, Ga., that trained future television wrestling stars for Turner Network Television. Ketchersid saved up $3,000 to receive six months training, but that never happened.

“I was having a going away party and blew all of my money on drugs and alcohol,” Ketchersid said. “I couldn’t make it. I knew I was in a bad place. That’s when I decided to join the Navy.”

As he attempted to distance himself from his habitual lifestyle, Ketchersid found out that it was hard to straighten his life out, even in the Navy. “There were more drugs there than there were on the streets,” he said.

In May 1996, eight months and eight days after he enlisted, Ketchersid was kicked out of the Navy for drug abuse.

“I knew I needed to change,” said Ketchersid. “I wanted to change, but every town I went to I found myself alongside bad crowd after bad crowd after bad crowd.”

It wasn’t until Ketchersid and a friend passed through a narcotics checkpoint in El Paso, Texas later that year that he could finally see his blessings in front of him and decided he was going to make the change that he knew he needed.

“They asked to search our car,” Ketchersid recalled. “Everything was easily in plain sight, but somehow the officer didn’t take notice of any of it. He found nothing. I started praying to the Lord to help me through this. My mom had been sick and was dying and I didn’t want any of this to be on her. That’s about the time they called in a drug dog. The dog started sniffing around our trunk, which is where we had even more narcotics.”

To Ketchersid’s surprise, even the highly trained search dog was coming up with nothing. “We were told we were free to go, and I quit everything on the spot that day,” said Ketchersid. “It was June 14, 1996, and I never went back. That was the day God showed himself to me. I moved to North Carolina a month later.”

It was in North Carolina that Ketchersid met one of the most important players in his salvation, his wife Tonya. “I was trying to change and focus on staying clean and serving God,” Ketchersid said. “I felt like a relationship would be more of a distraction than anything, until we went on our first date.”

“We were at a restaurant and the waiter handed me the alcohol menu,” recalled Ketchersid. “I told him I wasn’t interested in drinking anymore, and that’s when Tonya looked at me, looked at him, looked at the menu and said, ‘You know what? I should try and quit, too.’ She quit because I quit, and she didn’t even know my story.”

“He was just the sweetest guy,” Tonya Ketchersid said. “It was his gentleness and ability to know exactly what to say and when to say it that just won me over. You can just look into his eyes and tell he is a good man.”

Ketchersid and his wife have been sober since that day. Their dates together have since included bible studies, church, and Christian bike rallies.

“She’s a huge part of my sobriety. I couldn’t have made it this far without her,” said Ketchersid. They were married on Jan. 1, 1997 and have been together ever since.

Ketchersid is now an ordained minister out of Waynesville, N.C. and oversees funerals and weddings. He is also the owner and promoter of Full Momentum Wrestling, an organization that provides a safe haven for young kids to train, work, and stay out of trouble.

Ketchersid named his wrestling character, B.K. Valor, after his first and last initial along with one of his favorite Bible verses from Judges 6:12. “The Lord is with the mighty man of valor.” The essence of valor is something Ketchersid carries with him into every performance.

Ketchersid started FMW in 2007 along with Gary Higdon, his brother-in-law, and David Sharpe, a friend and fellow professional wrestler. “I saw a lot of potential in Billy,” Sharpe said. “He was a little rough around the edges, skill-wise, but I could easily see all of his heart and passion for the wrestling business. I could tell it was something important to him and how badly he wanted to succeed.”

Ketchersid purchased FMW’s wrestling ring in 2007 for $2,500. It came with a light harness, stage lights, and four championship titles. FMW held its first wrestling event, Ignition 1, at the Frog Level Armory in Waynesville on Oct. 18, 2008. They have since held events throughout Western North Carolina and engaged in charitable work.

Chuck Justice, another friend and one of the older veterans of local professional wrestling, saw his house burn to the ground in 2008. Ketchersid used his wrestling promotion to raise money to help his friend rebuild.

Trent “Little Man” Peterson was confined to a wheelchair with cerebral palsy as a child. Doctors told Peterson’s mother that he wouldn’t live past the age of five. In spring of 2009, following Peterson’s 18th birthday, Ketchersid and the rest of FMW raised close to $5,000 to send “Little Man” and his family to Disney World that summer.

Ketchersid has memorialized fallen wrestlers and fans by holding annual memorial tournaments, memorial cups, and even entire shows in their honor. FMW also hosts many annual food drives for their fans’ respective communities, charging canned goods as the price of admission for their shows.

“Billy’s a do-right guy,” said friend and fellow wrestler Jeremy Surrett. “He won’t ask you to do anything he wouldn’t do. He really cares. He’s like a big brother.”

All of these wonderful things that Ketchersid has made possible might not have happened if he hadn’t decided to reroute his life back in 1996. His only regret is that he didn’t become drug-free and break into the wrestling business at a younger age.

“But that’s why I’m here for these kids now,” Ketchersid said. “I want to provide them with an alternative for their time and help keep them out of trouble, all the while teaching them to appreciate professional wrestling and help them find the same love and passion for something in their lives just as I did.”

When asked if he would ever leave the professional wrestling business, Ketchersid answered, “I’ll be involved ‘til the day I die.”

Billy Ketchersid gained a new lease on life, and another crack at his childhood dream.

 

View photos from Full Momentum Wrestling’s most recent event in Fairview, NC.

Life of an illegal immigrant in WNC

TIME magazine published a story about illegal immigrants who are coming out and being open about their status wanting a resolution. The article is written by one of them – Jose Antonio Varga, journalist who one year ago came out very publicly and said he is in USA illegally. Jessica Duncan did a story on another illegal immigrant who lives here in Western North Carolina. We don’t use his real name and we don’t have a photo of him.

He is the father of four and the employee of four.

As I watch him hard at work on an exquisite piece of woodwork, outside his Haywood County home with two and three-year-old boys running around and admiring their father’s skills, it’s hard to believe that this man is doing something illegal.

Adan Flores (name changed) came to the United States 8 years ago as an illegal immigrant from Guerrero, Mexico. Guerrero is one of the 3 poorest states in southern part of Mexico.In 2002, Flores risked his life by sneaking across the Mexican border into Texas with his brother. It costed the brothers $2,500 a piece for a driver to pick them up once they crossed.

“The price, I’m sure, has gone up for a driver since I crossed ten years ago. It is getting riskier and riskier,” said Flores.

The Flores brothers were caught by U.S. guards during their first attempt and sent back. They made it across in their second attempt.

“If you are caught by Mexican guards, you should consider yourself dead,” said Flores. “U.S. guards will only send you back to where you came from.”

Flores paid $10,000 for a driver to bring his wife and daughter to join him in the U.S. a year later. Since then, he and his wife have been building on to their family.

Flores’ life consists of family and for the most part – work.  He works at a local restaurant, does carpentry, builds beautiful woodwork, and paints homes.

Like many illegal immigrants, Flores works in the formal economy (not under the table) under a fake social security number. Which means Flores will never receive taxes at the end of the year, nor social security or unemployment benefits.

Roy Germano, director of the documentary “The Other Side of Immigration” says that undocumented immigrants pay about $7 billion per year in Social Security taxes that they will never be able to reclaim. According to Pew Hispanic Center 6.5 million immigrants, illegal, came from Mexico in 2010. The same organization puts North Carolina as the ninth highest state in the U.S. for unauthorized immigrants with 325 thousand unauthorized immigrants.

“I do what I have to do to take care of my family,” says Flores. He estimates that he puts almost 80 hours into work a week (when the restaurant is in season, which is 8 months out of the year).

A few months ago, Flores had a problem that required police intervention. He discovered through a text message sent on his 13- year-old daughter’s cell phone that she had sexual relationship with their 17-year-old neighbor. Like any father would be, Flores was furious and ready to take this boy down.

“In Mexico, there would be no cops involved. I would have taken care of this boy myself!” explained Flores. If fear of putting his family’s security in jeopardy, Flores was at a loss of what to do. “It’s not so easy to call up the cops and get their help when you’re an illegal immigrant. I felt so helpless; like I had let my family down,” said Flores.

“I knew I couldn’t let him get away with what he had done, so I did what I had to do as a father.” He ended up calling the cops and reporting what had happened to his daughter.

Flores explains that the police officers were nice and helpful. They assured him that nothing bad would happen to him and his family. “They told me that they are fathers too and would have done the same thing,” shared Flores. “They seemed just as mad as I was!”

The boy spent about four months in jail as court dates kept on getting pushed back. In the end, the boy was released with a promise that he would never speak to Flores’ daughter again. The boy still lives in the Flores’ neighborhood. “I still worry about it every day,” said Flores.

Surprisingly, one positive thing did come from this experience. Flores met an attorney who told him she would help him become naturalized (the process of becoming a United States citizen with full citizenship rights). Flores shares that he has tried since to contact her three times and has received no response. “The help [to become legal] is hard to find,” said Flores. And it costs. As CNN reporter Kiran Khalid discovered the process is complicated and requires from immigrants to go back in their home country to file the documents. The State Department is in the process of simplifying the procedure and enabling them to file it from U.S. However with the toughest immigration laws popping out all over U.S. the hopes for faster legalization are not big.

The data from the Department of homeland security shows that in 2010 around 620,000 persons were naturalized which is lowering the number of people becoming U.S. citizens.

An article from the New York Times publish on 1 February 2011 said that about 11.2 million illegal immigrants were living in the United States in 2010, a number essentially unchanged from the previous year, according to a report published by the Pew Hispanic Center, a nonpartisan research organization in Washington.

The U.S. census bureau shows that for 2008 and after, 19 percent of immigrants come to the U.S. from Mexico. The second largest percentage being from China, with 5.4 percent.

“I came to America to give my family a better life, just like everyone else,” said Flores. “The thing that people forget is how much we leave behind. Me and my brother had to leave our mother. We love our mother!” said Flores. “We miss her all the time.”  The Flores brothers have not seen their mother since they left Mexico 8 years ago. The phone is their only way of keeping in touch.

Frontline, in October last year broadcasted a documentary on the present administration immigration policy in which Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) director John Morton said that 396,906 people were deported during the 2011 fiscal year, the largest number in ICE’s history. But in the same process, as the Applied Research Center reports, more than 5.100 children in 22 states in U.S. are placed under foster care as a result of their parents being deported.

The fact that Flores and his wife added on to their family in the United States only complicates things, if indeed the Flores family was discovered as illegal aliens. “I fear everyday what would happen to my native born children. Our family would be split up,” said Flores.  It will be a hard decision for Flores to leave behind or bring his U.S. citizen children back to a place that he wanted so desperately to escape if he and his wife are deported.

 

Shortly after Jose Antonio Vargas’ story on  the issue of the undocumented was published in TIME, the U.S. Department of  Homeland Security announced that it would no longer deport young undocumented  residents who qualify for the DREAM act. Those eligible will receive work  permits.
Read more: http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2117243,00.html#ixzz1yo8kABgu

 

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